{"id":2169,"date":"2026-02-13T00:24:05","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T00:24:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beitshalomcr.org\/?p=2169"},"modified":"2026-02-13T00:24:05","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T00:24:05","slug":"parashat-mishpatim-amar-al-extranjero-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beitshalomcr.org\/es\/parashat-mishpatim-amar-al-extranjero-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Parashat Mishpatim – Amar al extranjero"},"content":{"rendered":"
English translation found below<\/pre>\n
Posterior al evento fant\u00e1stico que experiment\u00f3 Am Israel durante Mat\u00e1n Tor\u00e1 (la d\u00e1diva de la Tor\u00e1), Mosh\u00e9 sigui\u00f3 ense\u00f1ando al pueblo una diversidad de Mitzvot a las faldas del Monte Sinai. Todas estas Mitzvot eran \u201cMishpatim\u201d, leyes de contenido social y jur\u00eddico, destinadas a regular la sana y pac\u00edfica convivencia entre los seres humanos y con su entorno.<\/p>\n
En la Parash\u00e1 se enumeran leyes que van desde cuestiones relacionadas con la esclavitud, da\u00f1os y perjuicios, corrupci\u00f3n y transparencia, propiedad, hasta temas de justicia social, empat\u00eda y derechos humanos. As\u00ed es, nuestra Tor\u00e1, lejos de ser un compendio de normas religiosas, es un c\u00f3digo completo de leyes que abarca todas las dimensiones del quehacer humano y su entorno.<\/p>\n
Una ley sobresale en esta Parash\u00e1, ya que es la \u00fanica que se repite dos veces en diferentes cap\u00edtulos, y es la de \u201cAhavat Guerim\u201d Amar al Extranjero. Esta Mitzv\u00e1 es la que m\u00e1s se repite en toda la Tor\u00e1. Explican nuestros Jajamim z\u2019L que esto no s\u00f3lo evidencia la importancia de este mandamiento, sino lo f\u00e1cil que puede ser llegar a transgredirlo.<\/p>\n
Cuando la Tor\u00e1 nos pide amar al extranjero y tratarlo con dignidad, nos recuerda de inmediato nuestro origen: \u201cporque extranjeros fuisteis en la Tierra de Egipto\u201d. La verdad es que los jud\u00edos, m\u00e1s que ninguna otra naci\u00f3n, hemos sido forasteros en todos los pa\u00edses del orbe. Esta Parash\u00e1 tambi\u00e9n dice: \u201cporque t\u00fa conoces el alma del extranjero\u201d, es decir que entendemos, porque hemos estado en esa situaci\u00f3n, sabemos lo que atraviesa su coraz\u00f3n: temor, incertidumbre, rechazo, explotaci\u00f3n, soledad, necesidad y carencias, etc.<\/p>\n
Nuestros sabios tambi\u00e9n explican que esta Mitzv\u00e1 se refiere al converso al juda\u00edsmo. Tenemos prohibido recordarle su origen, ya sea de forma directa o indirectamente. Cualquier acci\u00f3n o palabra que pueda hacer sentir a un converso que \u00e9l o ella es diferente en alg\u00fan sentido, nos est\u00e1 absolutamente prohibida. En la tradici\u00f3n Sefarad\u00ed, por ejemplo, no se llama a la Tor\u00e1 a la persona por su nombre hebreo delante de todo el p\u00fablico, precisamente para evitar que la congregaci\u00f3n escuche qui\u00e9n es \u201cben Abraham Avinu\u201d o \u201cbat Sarah Imenu\u201d; los olim son llamados como: rish\u00f3n, shen\u00ed, shlish\u00ed… primero, segundo, tercero… Algunas comunidades modernas han incorporado esta costumbre para cumplir con este precepto de amar al converso en todo sentido.<\/p>\n
Por ir\u00f3nico y absurdo que parezca, es necesario repetirnos que el racismo, la xenofobia o cualquier expresi\u00f3n grande o peque\u00f1a de intolerancia y sentimiento de superioridad, est\u00e1 totalmente prohibido por la Tor\u00e1 y es ajeno al esp\u00edritu del juda\u00edsmo. Es porque Hashem sabe que los seres humanos olvidamos nuestro origen, y que los jud\u00edos muchas veces caemos en la misma bajeza de quienes nos odian, que lo tuvo que repetir muchas veces, para que no quede duda: \u201camen al extranjero…porque extrajeros fueron ustedes\u201d<\/p>\n
Shabat Shalom umevoraj
\nRab. Sem. Dr. Yaakov Rodriguez<\/p>\n
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Loving the Stranger<\/strong><\/h3>\n
After the extraordinary event experienced by Am Yisrael<\/em> at Matan Torah<\/em> (the Giving of the Torah), Moses continued teaching the people a variety of mitzvot at the foot of Mount Sinai. All of these mitzvot were mishpatim<\/em>\u2014laws of social and legal content\u2014intended to regulate healthy and peaceful coexistence among human beings and with their environment.<\/p>\n
In this parashah, laws are listed that range from matters related to slavery, damages and liabilities, corruption and transparency, and property, to issues of social justice, empathy, and human rights. Indeed, our Torah\u2014far from being merely a compendium of religious norms\u2014is a comprehensive legal code that encompasses all dimensions of human activity and its surroundings.<\/p>\n
One law stands out in this parashah, as it is the only one repeated twice in different chapters: Ahavat Gerim<\/em>\u2014loving the stranger. This mitzvah is the most frequently repeated commandment in the entire Torah. Our sages of blessed memory explain that this repetition not only highlights the importance of the commandment, but also how easy it is to transgress it.<\/p>\n
When the Torah commands us to love the stranger and treat them with dignity, it immediately reminds us of our own origins: \u201cfor you were strangers in the land of Egypt.\u201d The truth is that the Jews, more than any other nation, have been foreigners in countries all over the world. This parashah also states, \u201cfor you know the soul of the stranger,\u201d meaning that we understand\u2014because we have been in that situation\u2014what passes through their heart: fear, uncertainty, rejection, exploitation, loneliness, need, and deprivation, and so on.<\/p>\n
Our sages also explain that this mitzvah refers to the convert to Judaism. We are forbidden to remind them of their origin, whether directly or indirectly. Any action or word that might make a convert feel that he or she is different in any way is absolutely prohibited. In the Sephardic tradition, for example, a person is not called to the Torah by their Hebrew name in front of the entire congregation, precisely to avoid the community hearing who is \u201cben Avraham Avinu\u201d or \u201cbat Sarah Imenu.\u201d Instead, those called up are referred to as rishon, sheni, shlishi<\/em>\u2014first, second, third, and so on. Some modern communities have adopted this custom in order to fulfill this precept of loving the convert in every respect.<\/p>\n
As ironic and absurd as it may seem, it is necessary to remind ourselves that racism, xenophobia, or any expression\u2014large or small\u2014of intolerance or feelings of superiority is absolutely forbidden by the Torah and is foreign to the spirit of Judaism. Because Hashem knows that human beings forget their origins, and that Jews sometimes fall into the same baseness as those who hate us, He had to repeat it many times so that there would be no doubt: \u201cLove the stranger\u2026 for you were strangers.\u201d<\/p>\n
Shabbat Shalom uMevorach<\/strong><\/p>\n
Rabbi Sem. Dr. Yaakov Rodriguez<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
English translation found below Posterior al evento fant\u00e1stico que experiment\u00f3 Am Israel durante Mat\u00e1n Tor\u00e1 (la d\u00e1diva de la Tor\u00e1), Mosh\u00e9 sigui\u00f3 ense\u00f1ando al pueblo una diversidad de Mitzvot a las faldas del Monte Sinai. Todas estas Mitzvot eran \u201cMishpatim\u201d, leyes de contenido social y jur\u00eddico, destinadas a regular la sana y pac\u00edfica convivencia entre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2171,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nParashat Mishpatim - Amar al extranjero -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beitshalomcr.org\/es\/parashat-mishpatim-amar-al-extranjero-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parashat Mishpatim - Amar al extranjero -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"English translation found below Posterior al evento fant\u00e1stico que experiment\u00f3 Am Israel durante Mat\u00e1n Tor\u00e1 (la d\u00e1diva de la Tor\u00e1), Mosh\u00e9 sigui\u00f3 ense\u00f1ando al pueblo una diversidad de Mitzvot a las faldas del Monte Sinai. 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